Getting Starting With C++

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OVERVIEW 



ABOUT C++

○ C++ is a programming language
○ C++ is a middle-level programming language
○ Developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs
○ C and C++ became a widely used programming language
○ C++ fully supports object-oriented programming (OOP's).
○ OOP's is a model of programming language or It is a Concept.


FEATURE OF C++

○ C++ is Easy to learn and Understand.
○ C++ is usually considered a "multi-paradigm" language.
○ It produces more efficient programs.
○ It can also handle low-level activities as well as high level activities
○ It can be compiled on a variety of computer platforms.
○ C++ is an object oriented programming language therefore it supports:
1. Polymorphism (one name and many forms)
2. Encapsulation (wrapping of a data & function in single unit)
3. Data Abstraction ( hiding of data and showing important features)
4. Inheritance (deriving data from one class to another)
5. Data Banding (communication between objects)
○ C++ is not portable. (means source code runs anywhere but .exe file does not run )


USES OF C++

○ C++ is used by thousands of programmers to develop an application .
○ C++ is used to write device drivers and other software's
○ C++ is widely used for research
○ The primary user interfaces of systems are written in C++ (especially for windows and mac).


FOR MORE INFORMATION click here...


TERMS THAT YOU OFTEN USE



Character Set – A set of Characters which is used in a programing. It may be a digit, letter and special symbol.


Tokens – It is the smallest and individual part in a program.

There are five types of token…
1- Keyword
2- Identifiers
3- Constant/Literals
4- Separators/Punctuators
5- Operators

Keyword are the reserved words which has specific meaning to the compiler. Keyword cannot be used as an identifier.
Eg- if,int,while,for,char…..etc.

Identifiers are the name given to the different parts of the program and these are user defined.
Viz- variables , object ,class , functions , array, structures ….etc.
Eg-num,sum,total,max,cube,student …etc.

Constant / Literals are the entities whose value is fixed or remain constant. It does not change during program run or execution.

There are four types of constant
1- Integer constant
2- Floating point constant
3- Character constant
4- Strings constant

Separators/Punctuators are the symbols (special characters) which is used to separate party of the statement.
like -
[ ]  - Square brackets
( )  - Parentheses
{ } - Curly braces
  ;   - Semicolon  .....  etc.

Operators are the symbols which performs some operation on operands.

Types of Operator:

a) On the basis of number of operands 
1- Unary operator
2- Binary operator
3- Ternary operator

b) On the basis of type of operation performed
1- Arithmetic operator 
2- Logical operator
3- Relational operator
4- Bitwise operator
5- Assignment operator
6- Increment and Decrement operator 
7- Shorthand operator
8- Conditional operator


Comments -
-These are the remarks about the program or parts of a program.
-These are un-executable statements.
-These are very helpful to understanding the program.

Types of Comment
1- Single line comment
2- Multiple line comment

eg- // this is a single line comment
       /* THIS is a
                          multiline comments ..
                                                       it is continues more then 2 lines  */





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